{"id":80,"date":"2016-05-31T12:28:06","date_gmt":"2016-05-31T12:28:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/?page_id=80"},"modified":"2022-04-20T08:50:33","modified_gmt":"2022-04-20T08:50:33","slug":"pahahupa","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/pahahupa\/","title":{"rendered":"Pressure management in compartment fires (PAHAHUPA)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>Overview<\/h1>\n<p>The research project PAHAHUPA investigates the fire-induced pressures and ventilation flows in compartment fires. The goals of the research project are<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>to find out how to simulate ventilation and leakage in compartment fires,<\/li>\n<li>to learn how the tightening energy norms (air tightness) affect the pressures and possible risks, and<\/li>\n<li>how the pressure effects can be managed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h1>Experimental characterization of fire-induced pressures in apartment<\/h1>\n<div class=\"ytp-html5-clipboard\">\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Overpressure development in apartment fires - experimental research, Aalto University\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/0Ss_ONolzLY?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>13 fire tests were carried out to in Kurikka, western Finland, in fall 2015. Two different fire sources (heptane pools, polyurethane foams) and three different ventilation arrangements (closed, open, normal) were studied. The figure below shows ventilation ducts in these configurations. Additional section of duct was used for instrumentation purposes.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/ventilation.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-101\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/ventilation-300x101.png\" alt=\"ventilation\" width=\"300\" height=\"101\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/ventilation-300x101.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/ventilation.png 682w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Below are snapshots from a video showing how Pasi Paloluoma from the South-West Finland Rescue Services ignited the heptane pool fire. After the experiments, the team was relieved and happy.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/ignition.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-95\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/ignition-300x169.png\" alt=\"ignition\" width=\"302\" height=\"170\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/ignition-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/ignition-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/ignition.png 1495w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 302px) 100vw, 302px\" \/><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/team.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-97\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/team-300x224.jpg\" alt=\"team\" width=\"227\" height=\"170\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/team-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/team-1024x765.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/team.jpg 1240w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 227px) 100vw, 227px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h1>Modelling and simulation of pressure and ventilation flows<\/h1>\n<p>In this task we learned how to simulate the development of pressure and flows in a typical ventilation system using the <a href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/firemodels\/fds-smv\">FDS<\/a>. The main results are the guidance on how to model the compartment ventilation and leakage using the HVAC module of FDS, and the validation statistics using both our own data and literature data provided by the Swedish FOA institute.<\/p>\n<p>See the master&#8217;s thesis of <a href=\"https:\/\/aaltodoc.aalto.fi\/handle\/123456789\/19972\">Rahul Kallada Janardhan<\/a> for more information.<\/p>\n<h1>Case studies<\/h1>\n<h3>Apartment building<\/h3>\n<p>The apartment building case study investigates the effect of the building envelop air-tightness on the pressures and smoke spreading in the ventilation network of a modern, mechanically ventilated apartment building.<\/p>\n<p>See <a href=\"https:\/\/aaltodoc.aalto.fi\/handle\/123456789\/26762\">Umar Riaz&#8217; Master thesis <\/a>for more information.<\/p>\n<h3>Prison cell fire<\/h3>\n<p>The prison cell case study tries to evaluate the risks of a cell fire on the people inside the neighbouring cells, effectiveness of the different fire safety measures, and to provide guidance on the personnel.<\/p>\n<h1>Publications, talks and interviews<\/h1>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/aaltodoc.aalto.fi\/handle\/123456789\/24038\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Final Report<\/a> has been published online.<\/li>\n<li>Fire-Induce Pressure and Smoke in Airtight Building. IAQ Magazine, Vol 1, Issue 03, Apr 2022. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.iaqmagazine.com.au\/flipbook\/April2022.html\">http:\/\/www.iaqmagazine.com.au\/flipbook\/April2022.html<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/aaltodoc.aalto.fi\/handle\/123456789\/26762\">Master&#8217;s thesis of Umar Riaz<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Hostikka, S. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=MEgF6imFIvw\">Fire-induced pressure and smoke spread in airtight buildings. International Congress Fire Safety &amp; Science. November 14 and 15, 2018. Arnhem, Netherlands<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.firesaf.2017.04.006\">Hostikka, S., Janardhan, R.K., Riaz, U., Sikanen, T. Fire-induced pressure and smoke spreading in mechanically ventilated buildings with air-tight envelopes. Fire Safety Journal 91 (2017), 380-388.<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/authors.elsevier.com\/a\/1VWA11MLXeENT3\">(Open access link<\/a>)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10694-016-0641-z\">Janardhan, R., Hostikka, S. Experiments and Numerical Simulations of Pressure Effects in Apartment Fires<\/a>. Fire Technology, 53, 1353\u20131377 (<span data-test=\"article-publication-year\">2017<\/span>). (Open access)<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/aaltodoc.aalto.fi\/handle\/123456789\/19972\">Master&#8217;s thesis of Rahul Kallada Janardhan<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Hostikka, S. Janardhan, R.K., Riaz, U. Fire-induced pressures in modern airtight apartment building. Nordic Fire &amp; Safety Days 2017. 17-18.8.2017, Aalborg University.<\/li>\n<li>Hostikka, S. Paineenhallinta huoneistopaloissa \u2013 tutkimushankkeen tuloksia ja suosituksia. Palotutkimuksen p\u00e4iv\u00e4t 2017. Pelastustieto, palontorjuntatekniikka (2017), pp. 41-44. <a href=\"http:\/\/pelastustieto.fi\/digilehti\/palotutkimuksen-paivat-2017\/sivu-44-87\">http:\/\/pelastustieto.fi\/digilehti\/palotutkimuksen-paivat-2017\/sivu-44-87<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/yle.fi\/uutiset\/ylipaine_ja_sisaanpain_aukeava_valiovi_voivat_tehda_palavasta_huoneistosta_surmanloukun\/8570265\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Simo Hostikka&#8217;s interview for Yle.fi <\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/talotekniikka-lehti.fi\/tiiviissa-taloissa-uudenlainen-paloriski\/\">Talotekniikka -lehti<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a title=\"Click here to download this Presentation\" href=\"http:\/\/sustainable-firengineering.ie\/sfe2016dublin\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/02\/SFE-2016-DUBLIN_5_Hostikka.pdf\">Increased Fire-Induced Pressure in Airtight Buildings \u2013 New Risks for Evacuation &amp;<br \/>\nSmoke Management<\/a>, Sustainable Fire Engineering -conference, Sep 30, 2016, Dublin.<\/li>\n<li>Presentation at FinnBUILD-messut, Oct 14, 2016<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.sppl.fi\/koulutus_ja_tapahtumat\/koulutushaku?e=598&amp;i=404&amp;t=1\">Onnettomuuksien ehk\u00e4isyn opintop\u00e4iv\u00e4t, <\/a>Palop\u00e4\u00e4llyst\u00f6liitto, Tampere, 9-10.11.2016<\/li>\n<li>FIRE MODELLING OF ENERGY-EFFICIENT APARTMENT BUILDINGS &#8211; Consideration of air-tightness and mechanical ventilation. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thunderheadeng.com\/femtc-2016\/\">Fire and Evacuation Modelling Technical Conference<\/a>, Spain, 15-17.11.2016<\/li>\n<li>Paloseminaari 18, Paloturvallisuus ja standardointi. 10.2.2016, Helsinki.<\/li>\n<li>Lehtinen, K. Forskningsprojekt \u201dPAHAHUPA\u201d: Tryckskillnader i bostadsbr\u00e4nder. Nordiska brandkonferens, 12-13.5.2016, Malm\u00f6. Nationellt forensiskt centrum.<\/li>\n<li>Hostikka, Janardhan, Experimental study of pressures in residential fires. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.conferencemanager.dk\/NFSD2016\/nordic-fire---safety-days.html\">Nordic Fire and Safety Days, Copenhagen, 2016<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Janardhan, Hostikka. FDS Simulations of Compartment Fire Pressures. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.conferencemanager.dk\/NFSD2016\/nordic-fire---safety-days.html\">Nordic Fire and Safety Days, Copenhagen, 2016.<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h1>Research partners<\/h1>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.aalto.fi\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-91\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/Aalto_ENG_EN_21_RGB_1-300x246.png\" alt=\"Aalto_ENG_EN_21_RGB_1\" width=\"136\" height=\"111\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/Aalto_ENG_EN_21_RGB_1-300x246.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/Aalto_ENG_EN_21_RGB_1-1024x839.png 1024w, https:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/Aalto_ENG_EN_21_RGB_1.png 1287w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 136px) 100vw, 136px\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.stravent.fi\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-84\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/stravent.png\" alt=\"stravent\" width=\"78\" height=\"34\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.vtt.fi\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-86\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/vtt.png\" alt=\"vtt\" width=\"107\" height=\"37\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/kauriala.fi\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-87\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/kauriala.png\" alt=\"kauriala\" width=\"105\" height=\"33\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/www.vspelastus.fi\/en\/southwest-finland-emergency-services\/southwest-finland-emergency-services\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-85\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/turku.png\" alt=\"turku\" width=\"154\" height=\"50\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h1>Sponsors<\/h1>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.palosuojelurahasto.fi\/etusivu\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-88\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/psr.png\" alt=\"psr\" width=\"78\" height=\"55\" \/>\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.hagab.com\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-83\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/hagab.png\" alt=\"hagab\" width=\"123\" height=\"30\" \/><\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.rikosseuraamus.fi\/en\/index.html\"> <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-89\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/rise-300x63.png\" alt=\"rise\" width=\"200\" height=\"42\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/rise-300x63.png 300w, https:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/files\/2016\/05\/rise.png 375w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"author vcard\">Posted by Simo Hostikka<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Overview The research project PAHAHUPA investigates the fire-induced pressures and ventilation flows in compartment fires. The goals of the research project are to find out how to simulate ventilation and leakage in compartment fires, to learn how the tightening energy &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/pahahupa\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2422,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-80","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/80","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2422"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=80"}],"version-history":[{"count":28,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/80\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":591,"href":"https:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/80\/revisions\/591"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blogs.aalto.fi\/fire\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=80"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}